Study Type
Randomised trial and simulated gastric emptying model
Study end points
A group: Survival of Bifidobacterium strains (Samples collected using a gastric tube immediately and 30, 60 and 90 minutes after ingestion; enumeration by plate counting). B group: Gastric emptying rate (detection of 99m-Tc-technetium-labelled solution ...
Length
A group: Samples collected at ingestion, 30, 60 and 90 minutes. B group: gastric emptying rate every 10 minutes, over 3 hours.
Intervention
Product 1, Activia (at least 10^7 CFU/g bifidobacterium) and product 2, another commercially available fermented milk (lower amount of bifidobacterium)
Population
10 healthy fasted adults (20-45 y/o) (Group A) and 12 healthy fasted adults (22-25 y/o) (Group B)
Key results
- Significant difference between the in vivo survival of the two bifidobacterium strains after 90 minutes of gastric transit, with bifidobacterium from Activia surviving in higher numbers
- No significant difference in gastric emptying between Activia and the comparator product
Conclusion
B. lactis CNCM 1-2494 can survive gastric transit in healthy adults after consumption of 250g Activia®.
Can B. lactis CNCM I-2494 survive passage through the small intestine?
Pochart et al., 1992 [2]
Study Type
Randomised, controlled, open study
Study end points
Plate counting from ileal perfusion to measure viable bifidobacteria
Population
6 healthy adults (18-30 y/o)
Intervention
Daily consumption of either 400g servings of Activia®
Control
monitored diet containing no bifidobacteria species
Length
8 hours
Key results
- In the control group, the ileal flow rate of viable bifidobacteria remained stable and low throughout the experiment
- In the Activia® group, a significant increase in the flow of bifidobacteria was observed and a large quantity of bifidobacteria was recovered from the terminal ileum
Conclusion
B. lactis CNCM I-2494 can reach the colon after consumption of Activia®.
Can B. lactis survive intestinal transit in large quantities?
Duez et al., 2000[3]
Study Type
Non-randomised, non-controlled, open study
Study end points
Colony immunoblotting and cell counts to measure detection of Bifidobacteria in human faecal samples
Length
7 days
Intervention
Daily consumption of 3 x 125g servings of Activia®
Population
5 healthy women (20-48 y/o)
Key results
- No colonies of B. lactis CNCM I-2494 were detected in any of the faecal samples before ingestion of Activia®
- After 7 days of Activia® consumption, the population of B. lactis CNCM I-2494 in faecal samples was measurably high
Conclusion
B. lactis CNCM 1-2494 can survive the intestinal tract in large quantities following Activia® consumption.
Can B. lactis survive passage through the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract?
Collado et al., 2006[4]
Study Type
Non-randomised, non-controlled, open trial
Study end points
Various molecular techniques to detect bacterial species, including PCR and FISH in faecal samples; PCR to identify B.lactis CNCM I2494 profile
Population
12 young healthy adults (25-40 y/o)
Intervention
Daily consumption of 250ml servings of Activia® (n = 10)
Control
daily consumption of 250ml servings of Activia® for 3 months prior to the study (n = 1, +ve control) or no product ingested (n = 1, -ve control)
Length
4 weeks intervention plus 4 week follow up
Key results
- Significant increase of bifidobacteria in faeces observed during product consumption versus baseline
- The number of bifidobacteria genus, the number of bifidobacteria genus in the +ve and –ve controls remained stable over the studied period. No B. lactis was detected in the –ve control
Conclusion
B.lactis CNCM 1-2494 successfully survives passage through the gastrointestinal tract following daily Activia® consumption over 4 weeks.
Can B. lactis survive passage through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract?
Rochet et al., 2008[5]
Study Type
Randomised, open, parallel study
Study end points
Colony immunoblotting, FISH and electrophoresis to detect specific bifidobacterium and microbiota in faecal samples
Length
7 days plus 10 day follow up period
Intervention
Daily consumption of either 3 x 125g servings of Activia® (n = 6) or 1g of freeze-dried powder of B. lactis CNCM I-2494 (n = 6)
Population
12 healthy adults (24-46 y/o)
Key results
- B.lactis CNCM I-2494 detected in the faeces of 5 out of 6 people in both groups at a sufficient level to demonstrate it survived passage through the gastrointestinal tract
Conclusion
B lactis CNCM I-2494 survives passage through the gastrointestinal tract following 3 x 125g servings of Activia® and 1g freeze-dried powder.
[1] Berrada N et al. Bifidobacterium from fermented milks: Survival during gastric transit. Journal of Dairy Science, 1991;74:409-413.
[2] Pochart P et al. Survival of Bifidobacteria ingested via fermented milk during their passage through the human small intestine: an in vivo study using intestinal perfusion. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1992; 55:78-80.
[3] Duez H et al. A colony immunoblotting method for quantitative detection of a Bifidobacterium animalis probiotic strain in human faeces. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2000; 88:1019-27.
[4] Collado MC et al. Molecular detection of Bifidobacterium animalis DN-173 010 in human feces during fermented milk administration. Food Research International, 2006; 39: 530-535.
[5] Rochet V et al. Survival of Bifidobacterium animalis DN-173 010 in the fecal gut microbiota after administration in lyophilised form or in fermented product - A randomized study in healthy adults. Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2008; 14: 128-136
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